Basque World View: Ideal Type, Social Myth or Misconception
Abstract
A tradition of great importance affirms the existence of a particular Basque worldview. This assumption, which was dominant and prevalent a few decades ago, is contrasted here from modern studies on worldviews. To begin with, what has been studied in this regard is recalled. Next, worldviews are defined, and the possibility of their literal empirical presence (in the physicalist way) or as an ideal type (in the Weberian way) is raised. In addition, they may act as social myths (Sorelian or Gramscian), and also be nothing but irrelevant and erroneous concepts. Concluding this part, cultural worldviews are systematized in 5 keys. It is here where, returning to the case, the modern and traditional Basque worldviews are arranged. This study provides tools to reflect on current ‘Basque thought’ or ‘Basque science’, and on the traditional Basque worldview as an ideal type or as something erroneous, beyond operating as a social myth.
Received: January 6, 2025; Final version: February 24, 2026
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